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Electric current is one of the seven SI base quantities and is measured in amperes. Force, energy and potential difference are derived from combinations of base quantities.
The lost mass is 2mₑ. ΔE = 2mₑc² = 2 × 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ × (3.00 × 10⁸)² = 1.64 × 10⁻¹³ J.
The spacing is d = 1/(600 × 10³) = 1.667 × 10⁻⁶ m. Using nλ = d sin θ with n = 1 gives λ = 1.667 × 10⁻⁶ sin 22° = 6.24 × 10⁻⁷ m.
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Correct answer: Electric current
Electric current is one of the seven SI base quantities and is measured in amperes. Force, energy and potential difference are derived from combinations of base quantities.
Correct answer: 1.64 × 10⁻¹³ J
The lost mass is 2mₑ. ΔE = 2mₑc² = 2 × 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ × (3.00 × 10⁸)² = 1.64 × 10⁻¹³ J.
Correct answer: 6.2 × 10⁻⁷ m
The spacing is d = 1/(600 × 10³) = 1.667 × 10⁻⁶ m. Using nλ = d sin θ with n = 1 gives λ = 1.667 × 10⁻⁶ sin 22° = 6.24 × 10⁻⁷ m.
For parents: look at the explanation together. A correct answer is encouraging; a missed answer gives you something specific to work on. Broader practice over time is needed to understand progress.
For an analogue scale read to the nearest division, half a division is a common reading uncertainty when alignment is clear. Parallax and uncertain endpoints may justify a larger value.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Measurements and their errors. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
The strong nuclear force binds nucleons because it is strongly attractive across typical nucleon separations. Its very-short-range repulsion prevents the nucleus collapsing into a point.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Particles and radiation. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
In a longitudinal wave the particles oscillate parallel to propagation. Their crowding and separation create pressure variations called compressions and rarefactions; particles do not travel with the wave overall.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Waves. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Energy is conserved overall. Some gravitational potential energy becomes kinetic energy and the remainder is transferred thermally to the skier, snow and surroundings by resistive forces.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Mechanics and materials. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Rising temperature increases lattice vibrations in the metal, increasing electron scattering and resistance. Since the I–V graph gradient is conductance, its gradient decreases.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Electricity. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
SHM requires restoring acceleration, and therefore resultant force for constant mass, proportional to displacement and opposite in direction. The minus sign represents the restoring direction.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Further mechanics and thermal physics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Both radial fields have inverse-square strength. Mass has one sign, making gravity attractive, whereas positive and negative electric charges allow attraction or repulsion.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Fields and their consequences. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Contamination involves unwanted radioactive atoms and can continue to irradiate until removed or decayed. Irradiation is exposure to emitted radiation and ends when the source is removed; it does not normally make the target radioactive.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Nuclear physics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
An orbiting planet and star move around their common centre of mass. The star's alternating line-of-sight velocity produces periodic red and blue Doppler shifts, revealing the planet's orbital period and a minimum mass.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Astrophysics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Hydrogen nuclei precess at the Larmor frequency. Superimposed field gradients vary magnetic field with position, so frequency and phase information can be decoded to reconstruct location after radio-frequency excitation.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Medical physics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
With negligible external torque, angular momentum L = Iω is constant. Pulling mass closer to the axis reduces I, so ω increases; rotational kinetic energy can rise because the skater does internal work.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Engineering physics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
A continuous classical wave model predicts that sufficient intensity or exposure time should eventually eject electrons at any frequency. The observed threshold frequency instead follows naturally from discrete photons of energy hf.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Turning points in physics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Amplitude modulation makes the carrier envelope follow the information signal. Frequency modulation varies instantaneous carrier frequency; amplitude-limiting can reject much amplitude noise, though FM generally needs greater bandwidth.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Electronics. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
A slow sweep resolves the peak more finely, repeats reveal judgement scatter, and approaching from both directions helps detect any systematic lag or hysteresis.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 1: stationary waves on a string: frequency, length, tension and mass per unit length. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
The small-angle fringe formula assumes a well-defined normal screen distance and symmetric pattern. Tilting components distorts the geometry and creates a systematic error.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 2: Young's slits and diffraction-grating interference. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
A longer fall produces a longer measured time, making a fixed absolute timing resolution a smaller fraction of the value. The distance should still be measured accurately and air resistance considered.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 3: determine g by a free-fall method. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
The wire may vary along its length or be slightly oval. Repeated measurements in different places and orientations quantify this scatter and improve the area estimate.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 4: determine Young modulus by a simple method. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
A low-resistance path can draw excessive current, heat components and discharge the cell. Current limiting and brief connection protect apparatus and keep temperature controlled.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 5: determine wire resistivity using a micrometer, ammeter and voltmeter. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
With nearly zero current, the internal potential drop Ir is nearly zero. The terminal p.d. therefore approaches energy supplied per charge, the e.m.f.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 6: determine cell e.m.f. and internal resistance from terminal p.d. and current. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
For small angular displacement, sin θ ≈ θ, giving an approximately linear restoring term and simple harmonic motion. At large amplitude the period acquires amplitude dependence.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 7: investigate simple harmonic motion with a mass-spring system and pendulum. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
Boyle’s relationship requires constant temperature. Compression can temporarily increase internal energy and temperature, so equilibrium time reduces this systematic departure.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 8: investigate Boyle's law and Charles's law for a gas. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
A suitable square wave repeatedly switches the input, allowing identical transients to be superimposed and compared. The period must still be long enough for substantial charging and discharging.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 9: investigate capacitor charge and discharge using log-linear analysis. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
The wire and magnet interact electromagnetically. Newton's third law gives equal and opposite forces on the two bodies, allowing the balance beneath the magnet assembly to measure the reaction.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 10: investigate force on a current-carrying wire using a top-pan balance. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
A reduced amplitude can result from non-uniform field coverage, incorrect effective area or field calibration, or inactive turns. These affect the scale factor while preserving approximate cosine shape.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 11: investigate magnetic flux linkage using a search coil and oscilloscope. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
After registering a pulse, a detector and counter need a short recovery time. At high true rates, additional events during this dead time are not counted, causing systematic under-recording.
Watch for: Do not substitute numbers before stating the relationship used for Required practical 12: investigate the inverse-square law for gamma radiation. Convert units first and explain what the calculated result means.
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AQA · Physics 7408 · A Level · Physics · 7408
Version 1.4, July 2026
Source checked: 2026-08-29. The current official specification controls assessment requirements and option choices.
Yes. This page offers three original questions from three different skills on this exact course. Each answer has an explanation, followed by a sample heatmap showing what was correct and what to revisit. No account is needed, and taster answers are not saved.
It shows the outcome of these three answers and gives a specific skill to discuss or practise next. It is not a full assessment, a mastery score or a grade prediction. Broader practice over time is needed to understand progress.
LearningP currently maps 25 assessed areas for specification 7408. The visible topic map below is derived from the verified route; the current official specification remains controlling.
The verified source bank contains 287 original LearningP question records for this route. Every mapped area meets the current publication minimum and passed the latest blocker and review audit.
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Use the official AQA · Physics 7408 specification and assessment-resource pages linked on this page, together with information supplied by the learner’s school.